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The subcontinent
of India lies in South Asia, between Pakistan, China and
Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain,
where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states.
Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are
bordered by palm fringed beaches.
Side by side with the country's staggering topographical variations
is its cultural diversity, the result of the coexistence of a number
of religions as well as local tradition. Thus, the towering temples
of South India, easily identifiable by their ornately sculptured surface,
are associated with a great many crafts and performing arts of the region.
In the desert of Kutch, Gujarat, on the other hand, a scattering of
villages pit themselves against the awesome forces of nature, resulting
in spartan lifestyles made vibrant by a profusion of jewelry and ornamental
embroidery used to adorn apparel and household linen. In the extreme
north is the high altitude desert of Ladakh. Local culture is visibly
shaped by the faith Buddhism - as well as by the harsh terrain. Yet
another facet of Indian culture is observed in the colourful tribal
lifestyles of the north eastern states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura
and Manipur with their folk culture. In the central Indian states of
Orissa and Madhya Pradesh, tribal village life has resulted in a variety
of artistically executed handicrafts.
India's mountains provide heli-skiing, river running, trekking, and
mountaineering. Its beaches provide lazy sunbathing as well as wind
surfing and snorkeling, and its jungles provide shooting wildlife -
with a camera.
India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first founded.
Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Judaism, Zorashtrianism, Christianity and
Islam all exist within the country today. As a consequence of India's
size, the history of the country has seldom been the same for two adjoining
territories, and its great natural wealth has lured a succession of
traders and foreign influences to it, each having left their imprint
in the country, however faint or localised. Thus, Chinese fishing nets
in Kerala are a throwback to that country's ancient maritime trade,
while in the North, terra-cotta figurines of the centuries BC bear distinctly
Greek traces.
Modern India is home alike to the tribal with his anachronistic lifestyle
and to the sophisticated urban jet-setter.It is a land where temple
elephants exist amicably with the microchip. Its ancient monuments are
the backdrop for the world's largest democracy where atomic energy is
generated and industrial development has brought the country within
the world's top ten nations. Today, fishermen along the country's coastline
fashion simple fishing boats in a centuries old tradition while, a few
miles away, motor vehicles glide off conveyer belts in state-of-the-art
factories.
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